![]() Warmer water speeds up the setting reaction, and colder water slows the reaction down. The setting reaction time of dental alginates also depends on the water temperature used for the mixture. Type I is a fast set that hardens within 1 to 2 minutes, and type II is a standard set that hardens within 2 to 5 minutes. The retarder can slow the setting reaction, giving rise to dental alginates with different working times. After all the retarder is consumed, the remaining calcium sulfate reacts with the alginic salt to form insoluble calcium alginate in gel form. When the powder is mixed with water, the calcium sulfate reactor initially combines with the sodium phosphate retarder, allowing for adequate working time. This biphasic chemical reaction has a slowing phase and a setting phase. The setting mechanism of alginate is a chemical reaction between the salt sodium alginate and the reactor calcium sulfate. The powder contains sodium or potassium alginates, filler particles, calcium sulfate (reactor), fluoride (accelerator), and sodium phosphate (retarder). Dental alginates are available as a powder designed to be mixed with water. ![]() Alginic acid is a polysaccharide extracted from brown algae, a member of the Phaeophyceae family found primarily in America. Alginates are salts produced from the combination of alginic acid with either sodium, calcium, potassium, or magnesium. Alginate is an irreversible hydrocolloid material that can reproduce soft and hard tissue details when in the presence of water. ![]()
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